Artefact Alive
Art historians have been able to reconstruct much of what the stone carver had in mind for this piece. The person is female and kneels on a small animal-like figure. Breakages on the body suggest that one arm was reaching out and the other arm was free of the body. The figure was dressed in a simple tabard-like surcoat hanging from the shoulder, through which arms emerge from long slits. There are the remains of outer sleeves and the suggestion of a tunic underneath the surcoat. The animal-like figure on which she kneels is unfinished but the head appears to be looking upwards and backwards.

Reconstruction painting by Simon Chew
© York Archaeological Trust

Who was this figure? There are several possibilities: a female saint, a patron of the church or, most likely, a depiction of a Virtue conquering a Vice. This was a favourite scene in medieval England and there are good examples elsewhere in the country which show Virtues in similar postures 'subduing' Vices, depicted as strange sub-human figures.

Despite the unfinished nature of the drapery, the figure can be dated by her costume type to around 1300. She was found in a pit together with other stone working and building debris. It must have been an unfinished piece from the workshop of a school of sculptors who had completed the sculptural decoration of the Minster Chapter House in 1290.

Figures such as these would originally have been painted, and colours can be reconstructed from traces which survive on other sculptures. All the evidence from this figure and other complete examples, as well as information on costume of the day, was brought together and a reconstruction drawing of the intended appearance of the figure was produced, showing her as Joy overcoming Idleness. So, ironically, this half-made medieval sculpture has achieved its place in history after all.

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Find number 1973.13.X, 2834; catalogue number 286. Height of figure 218mm.
For more information: The Archaeology of York 10/4, The College of the Vicars Choral of York Minster at Bedern: Architectural Fragments by David A. Stocker.

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